Extinction They enhance decision making. D. inhalant, 78. D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. C. theory of mind. B. REM sleep decreases as the night progresses. C. exhibiting controlled processing. B. C. sudden uncontrollable seizures. B. Which of the following should be included on your list? C. Deep sleep is much greater in the first half than in the second half of a night's sleep. Lately he has experienced serious difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep. She usually has several more cups D. Her metacognition level has significantly increased. According to Bandura's model of observational learning, what are the four primary processes B. Expectancy learning Moesha is most likely suffering from D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. It involves a sudden, overpowering urge to sleep. Psych 101 Final Study Guide D. learned helplessness, A ________ reinforcer is innately satisfying and it does not take any learning on the organism's part She interviews ten of her classmates and asks them to remember that day. binary consciousness. B. unconditioned stimulus. Hypnosis B. C. generalization. Which of the following statements is true of caffeine? C. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. asleep and awakens frequently during the night. A. unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, conditioned response WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. The drug she took is most likely a . D. night terrors. Belinda and John were best friends through their school years. The set is on sale for$44.95. B. positive punishment. The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. During REM sleep, the sleeper's eyeballs move up and down and from left to right. Hypnosis true/false Identify B. fire Which of the following is true of brain structures and memory functions in long-term memory? B. A. conditioned response. C. Soul 115. Drugs, trauma, fatigue, hypnosis, and sensory deprivation typically produce B. B. Jennifer's tests have poorer retrieval cues than Stacey's tests. A. the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex A. sleep apnea. Betty is most likely C. negative reinforcement. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. In the context of observational learning, retention is a process in which normal "safe" dose of heroin but almost died of an overdose. D.Sleep deprivation syndrome, 54. D. unconditioned response. D. Instinctive drift. B. explicit memory Awareness and arousal are associated with different parts of the brain. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory, information can last up to a lifetime in D. Homer's conscious thoughts and desires. involved in observational learning? She is B. learned generalization D. stimulant, 93. C. pain D. Most REM sleep takes place during stage 1 of a night's sleep. D. acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination, . A. recognition/recall B. increase central-nervous-system activity/slow down central-nervous-system activity most likely In classical-conditioning situations, the ________ is unlearned, but the ________ is learned. Circadian rhythms are daily behavioral and physiological cycles that regulate all vital life functions. Discuss the distinctions among depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. During acquisition, the unconditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented followed by the B. Betty has dissociative identity disorder. Taste aversion is an example of 64. For a moment you wonder if he's dead, but suddenly he snorts and resumes snoring. A. depressants. mother removes a flower from the arrangement and takes it over for her baby to smell. D. automatic processing. to bed, her memories of what she had done that day are lost. A. opiate Find the total of the selling prices of all the skates. WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. A. level of awareness The cognitive theory of dreaming claims that we can understand dreaming by applying the same cognitive concepts we use in studying the waking mind. What is psychological dependence and physical dependence of psychoactive drugs? binary consciousness. 101. A. the bell had become a reflex. From this point of view, dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity. B. William James's theory needs the caffeine to function normally. C. Stage 1 sleep/stage 3 and stage 4 sleep A. somniloquy. B. D. stage 3 and stage 4. The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. A. more than two drinks in a row 106. A. Why do psychoactive drugs make people feel good? D. circadian rhythm. C. The capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is limited. Jennifer's end-ofsemester principles of classical conditioning, how will Robert likely react today when he tastes or smells the B. might lead to an increased probability of daydreaming. A. unconditioned response (UR). B. stage 2 sleep. A. stimulant This illustrates the concept of. Hypnosis B. theory of relativity. C. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. true. C. dopamine According to Sigmund Freud, dreams symbolize A. a stream of consciousness that consists of a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. mother experiences headaches when she discontinues the use of caffeine is an example of Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. B. conditioned stimulus/unconditioned stimulus D. nodes. D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. Identify to make it pleasurable. 20. A. In the Water Kingdom Amusement Park, when two sea lions throw and catch balls on their nose, D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). B. Garrett pulled an "all-nighter" before his chemistry exam. D. in an altered state of consciousness. B. endorphin. Night terrors typically occur D. will result in longer hours of sleep. C. A stimulus is recognized and labeled in shallow processing. Which of the following medications is she most likely taking? At least three lines of research support the notion that sleep serves a restorative function. A. classical conditioning. 14 Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. B. Jackson, who is hypnotized in his therapist's office Working memory allows individuals to hold information permanently as they perform However, Belinda often finds herself referring to Jim as Jerry is in the process of getting a divorce and is having trouble at his job. been trained to perform this behavior through conditioned stimulus when these two stimuli are paired. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. Identify A. Edward, who began drinking at age 40 B. a repressed memory These drugs can affect people cognitively. D. It is a symptom of sleep apnea. What type of drug is crystal meth? What is the likely cause of these complaints? Although dreams occur during both non-REM and REM stages, dreams are more frequently experienced in the REM stage. C. hallucinogen B. Sexual satisfaction C. are the lowest or least alert state of human consciousness. A. stage 1 He always uses a specific amount Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. C. During acquisition, the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus are presented B. marijuana/valium C. alcohol/cocaine complementary consciousness. Which of the following statements about psychoactive drug use is FALSE? Quizlet In some cases, hallucinogens may produce hallucinations, which are typically visual and/or auditory perceptions that are not real. A. positive reinforcement. Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains 83. ________ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. This is an example of therapist listens and then offers the interpretation that this dream signifies Homer's unconscious desires to be free of his C. Transience Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Stage 5 sleep/ stage 3 and stage 4 sleep Every night when she goes conditioning what led to Leonard's condition? C. increased tolerance. C. depressants. C. declarative memory true. D. theory of activation-synthesis. Although you had never been to the Fancy Foods Restaurant in your town, you weren't at all the ________ after conditioning had occurred. _____ involve sudden arousal from sleep and an intense physiological fear reaction (e.g., screaming, heavy breathing, and perspiration). A. stage 2 clothes. C. latent learning D. retrieval failures. A criticism of activation-synthesis theory is that get good grades. A neurochemical memory trace disintegrates over time. C. random neurological activity. C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. Concentration Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she C. Money D. stimulant. What is the most widely used drug in the United States? names may be attributed to the occurrence of Explain how these drugs affect physical and psychological functioning. C. Stage 1 sleep A. Identify the true statement about sleepwalking. A. damaging property D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. Identify a true statement about hypnosis It is likely that he is B. narcolepsy. In observational learning, the first process that must occur is Since the accident he has been taking morphine, a powerful pain killer. B. lacking awareness. PSYCH100 Chapter 3 Consciousness Implicit memory has two subsystems: episodic memory and semantic memory. D. activation-synthesis, 120. Which of the following statements about classical conditioning in humans is FALSE? A. elevation of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex. C. Self-reference A. somniloquy. C. operant conditioning. Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement? Shortly after, a man in a tuxedo came to your table. Drug addiction occurs when A. dependence. B. Elaboration accurate? Hypnosis memories are accurate. B. heroin C. operant conditioning. moves to long-term memory. Latent Content: What a dream symbolizes. She spends most of the day thinking how she is going to make the payments. Night terrors/ Somnambulisms A. depressant. 19. B. Chunking B. hippocampus and hypothalamus. Illicit drug use is a global problem. B. time line therapy. B.narcolepsy Sleeping pills are classified as a(n) The drug also enhances his level of activity and pleasurable D. alcohol. D. stage 5 and stage 6. Divided attention is not likely to impede an individual's ability to pay attention to a specific D. Your sister bumps into a door when she has a high fever. D. subconscious awareness. C. the divided-consciousness view of hypnosis. A. storage failures. A. metacognition. 39. D. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller more D. conditioned oppression. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. C. William James's theory An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's Manifest Content: The literal content of meaningful units. B. a change in GABA Motivated forgetting C. depressant _____ is characterized by myoclonic jerks and theta waves, whereas _____ are characterized by delta waves. The fact that your mother experiences headaches when she discontinues the use of caffeine is an example of of operant conditioning, Jennifer's behavior has most likely been learned through Hallucinogens, like LSD, MDMA (ecstasy), and marijuana, are psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences. D. caffeine/nicotine, 97. C. narcolepsy. Alcohol is a type of hallucinogen. A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity D. negative punishment. D. circadian theory. C. The less elaborate the processing within deep processing, the better the memory. likely taking? C. baby's crying. C. hallucinogen. The nervous system is supposedly cycling through various neurological activities throughout the night, and our consciousness is just along for the ride. College students who consume large amounts of alcohol on weekends are abusing which type(s) of drugs? D. Semantic, meaningful, and symbolic characteristics are used in shallow processing. C. It is derived from natural components of plants. A. circadian rhythm. A. will result in decreasing levels of cortisol in the body. It is determined by the time elapsed since the last behavior was rewarded. A. dreams are caused by neurotransmitter levels. CBS, ABC, FBI, and IRS. C. psychological addiction The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. C. Classical conditioning is based on observing and imitating others. Implicit memory/Explicit memory B. The next day, the baby's mother brings home some pink flowers. D. Theory of mind, What theory of dreaming proposes that dreaming involves information processing and memory? His statements about hypnosis B.They need more conscious effort than controlled processes. D. Priming. Gary turned to his wife when he woke up and said, "You won't believe what I dreamed. C. They depress the central nervous system's activity. A. a sealskin coat A. Awareness involves the C. implicit 38. C. They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. A. Valium A. daydreaming. According to research on alcoholism, which of the following individuals is most likely to become dependent on alcohol? C. which is a form of respondent behavior, behavior occurs in automatic response to a stimulus. often anticipate that we will hear thunder soon afterward. D. do not require selective attention, States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities A. H.M. developed an inability to form new memories that outlive working memory. C. They improve memory retention. A. Organisms learn the association between behaviors and their consequences. B. narcotic Xanax is classified as a(n) Alcohol is a powerful drug that acts on the body primarily as a stimulant and speeds up the A. WebWhich of the following statements about hypnosis is true? B. Opiates C. interfere with other ongoing activities. Which of the following is true of shallow processing in memory? It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. Altered states of consciousness are mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness (e.g., sleeping or dreaming). B. A. our conscious thoughts and feelings. The brain's reward pathway is located in the John, even though she has not spoken to John for at least four years. Identify the true statement about controlled processes. The baby reaches over to touch a pink flower and is stung by a D. serotonin dependence. C. conditioned response. Mary used the tactic of A. higher-level consciousness A. marijuana/cocaine Which of the following is true of the term "levels of processing" in memory? B. unconscious wishes and hidden desires. This was the first time he had used heroin outside his own apartment. B. a rabbit WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. bumblebee sitting on the petals. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. D. Water. D. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. C. Implicit memory is related to non-consciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions. 92. "No awareness" is a state of consciousness that applies to a person who has been knocked out by a blow, anesthetized, or who has fallen into a deep, prolonged, unconscious state. C. transference. Discuss the physiological and psychological effects of sleep deprivation. 31. Angie Sigler purchases a game console set that regularly sells for $59.95. B. norepinephrine Daydreaming would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? 81. You don't censor yourself or Which of the following statements is true of hypnosis? A. visual structuring. Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. B. B. 12. He injected his B. C. cognitive theory of dreaming C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids Night terrors differ from nightmares in that night terrors D. the bell had become a conditioned response. C. The divided-consciousness view of hypnosis B. D.sleep apnea, 55. What is the definition of a binge-drinking episode? According to the principles of classical 53. B. latent learning. While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. B. secondary C. Tranquilizers C. depressant D. somnambulism. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. B. lower-level consciousness Losing one's sense of self-consciousness and hallucinating specifically during the use of drugs exemplifies B. long-term memory. A. stimulant. C. hypnosis involves the retention of a single state of consciousness. 76. personalities that she exhibits as a result of her condition. Hypnosis can not be practiced on everyone, as usually only highly suggestible people respond to it. before, Jacob explains the rules of the game to him. 107. Sleepwalking occurs during _____ of the sleep cycle. C. The meditator is ignorant of his or her thoughts and feelings and is, therefore, not consumed by them. B. damaging property D. depressant. He will find the scent and taste of tequila aversive. Belinda's confusion with these C. It is the most powerful type of depressant. D. cerebral cortex. The active ingredient in marijuana is THC, which specifically affects serotonin. unconditioned stimulus (US) with his conditioned stimulus (CS). C. intermediary B. the encoding of information for the purpose of retention and retrieval. When circadian rhythms are disrupted (e.g., if we must adapt to a new time zone or have to switch from working the day shift to working the night shift), all of the major physiological functions listed above become desynchronized. D. spontaneous recovery, Watson and Rayner used ________ along with an unconditional stimulus in order to condition fear in Which of the following is true of opiates? A. high consciousness behavior is called Applied behavior analysis is based on the concept of It negates the role of deep processing in memory. A. Tranquilizers The theory rests on the idea that dreams are essentially conscious cognitive processing. C. occipital lobe and temporal lobe. B. more than four drinks in a row A. flashbulb memory B. unconscious wishes and hidden desires. A. neutral stimulus/reinforcer stimulus How much Social Security taxes will be deducted from her salary in November? D. neural activity begins with the brain. A. theory of mechanism. B. autobiographical WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. Surprising as it might be, hypnosis has a high success rate on people that want to quit smoking or vaping. A. the activation-synthesis theory While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. B. long-term memory/short-term memory A. inhalants. Theory of awareness C. heroin It also is called hypnotherapy. D. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. C. stage 1 sleep. A. Jacob warns her that repeated use of this drug could have lasting negative effects on the neurotransmitter B. C. narcolepsy. A. the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. Drugs, trauma, fatigue, sensory deprivation, and possibly hypnosis can induce an altered state of consciousness. B. tertiary C. Martha improves her grades in English and Math so that her mom can take her shopping as D. Encoding, ________ of information is linked with neural activity, especially in the brain's left frontal lobe. B. narcolepsy. _____, such as Nembutal and Seconal, are depressant drugs that decrease central-nervous-system activity. The price is reduced 25% and 6 more pairs sell. Cindy is demonstrating A. operant conditioning. A. A. Maria, who is working out an algebra problem on a piece of paper, 9. A. D. hypnosis involves a special state of consciousness in which consciousness is split into separate components. They have serious arguments with others. Because controlled processes require attention and effort, they are typically slower than automatic processes. of divided attention suggests that watching TV while studying will ________ Elsa's exam performance. A. increase memory performance. A. sneezing after sniffing pepper D. They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways.

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