Ten months later, the Commission issued its report finding that Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone when he assassinated President Kennedy. Jackie Kennedy's Prowess as a Polygot - America the Bilingual CPAC used to be a barometer. A Year in Paris That Transformed Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis 3 languages How did Jacqueline Kennedy sign her correspondence? And among the younger people, they don't have as many of the features in general as older generations do.. I love you." According to biographer Christopher Anderson, Jackie uttered her last words to Jack in the hospital he was rushed to. [332][333] Portman admitted being intimidated taking the role and doing research in preparation for filming. At her request, Johnson renamed the Florida space center the John F. Kennedy Space Center a week after the assassination. [14] She looked up to her father, who likewise favored her over her sister, calling his elder child "the most beautiful daughter a man ever had". You can. [89] Working with Rachel Lambert Mellon, Jacqueline Kennedy also oversaw the redesign and replanting of the Rose Garden and the East Garden, which was renamed the Jacqueline Kennedy Garden after her husband's assassination. With her French name and heritage (one-eighth French from her father's side), she was already predisposed to admiring France. [193] In her memoir Living History, Clinton wrote that Onassis was "a source of inspiration and advice for me". Its a week after John F. Kennedys assassination, and a journalist from Life magazine has come to the Kennedys home in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, to interview her. By Closer Staff. [86], On February 14, 1962, Jacqueline Kennedy, accompanied by Charles Collingwood of CBS News, took American television viewers on a tour of the White House. [89][90] The restoration of the White House was her main contribution, but she also furthered the cause by hosting social events that brought together elite figures from politics and the arts. Story. So in New York it happens in words like bat versus bad, [where bad can sound closer to bed if theres a split system], Olivo-Shaw said. Jefferson also spoke partial Arabic. She followed the advice, left the job and returned to Washington after only one day of work. [138][139][140], In the following years, Kennedy attended selected memorial dedications to her late husband. 1011. [303] Tripplehorn received diverse reactions to her performance[304][305][306] while Brian Lowry noted her resemblance to Kennedy and small role. [232], Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis is seen as being customary in her role as first lady,[233][234] though Frank N. Magill argued that her life was validation that "fame and celebrity" changed the way that first ladies are evaluated historically. [164] After marrying Onassis, she took the legal name Jacqueline Onassis and consequently lost her right to Secret Service protection, which is an entitlement of a widow of a U.S. president. Does Melania Trump really speak five languages? Maybe not The Happy Jackie, The Sad Jackie, The Bad Jackie, The Good Jackie [78], On July 13 at the 1960 Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles, the party nominated John F. Kennedy for president. Kennedys accent contains several different features, but according to several linguists I spoke to for this story, the most pronounced ones are non-rhoticity, which is also called R-lessness, and a split short A system.. We can overcome vaccine hesitancy. Her second husband, Aristotle Onassis, was one of . Her second husband, Aristotle Onassis, was one of the wealthiest men in the . Gore Vidal claimed that Jackie described the queen as "pretty heavy going.". Krock and Merriman and all the rest? she snaps, referring to journalists Arthur Krock and Merriman Smith. Try pulling your tongue into the back of your mouth and saying back or pass. It changes the A vowel sound, so that you make less of an ack or ass sound; instead, it sounds a bit rounder. He served from March 4, 1801, to March 4, 1809. From 1961 to 1963, Cassini dressed her in many of her ensembles, including her Inauguration Day fawn coat and Inaugural gala gown, as well as many outfits for her visits to Europe, India, and Pakistan. Jacqueline Lee Kennedy Onassis (ne Bouvier /buvie/; July 28, 1929 May 19, 1994) was an American socialite, writer, photographer, and book editor who served as the first lady of the United States from 1961 to 1963, as the wife of President John F. Kennedy. Please consider making a one-time contribution to Vox today. 5 Facts About Jackie Kennedy: Smoking Habit and Love Life His financial legacy was severely limited under Greek law, which dictated how much a non-Greek surviving spouse could inherit. Apparently, her ability to speak so many languages meant that she could translate important books for her husband. And of course that was also taught because a lady at that time would speak in a soft, cultured, and very clear way.. Here are 12 lesser-known facts about her fascinating life. Natalie Portman. "[44] The position required her to pose witty questions to individuals chosen at random on the street and take their pictures for publication in the newspaper alongside selected quotations from their responses. Oct 26, 2021 01:47 P.M. John and Jacqueline Kennedy seemed to be the perfect couple, at least when they appeared in front of the camera and other people. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (2002) [1965]. John's mother Rose however observed that Jacqueline was not "a natural-born campaigner" due to her shyness and was uncomfortable with too much attention. The way she lops off the end of bitter, the funny hop in artifact, the way she rolls through remembered its like shes invented her own unique way of speaking English: But Portmans delivery is accurate in the way it captures the former first ladys affect. Its variable.. Melania Trump is not your typical first lady. The American people should be proud of it. Don't let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief, shining moment that was known as Camelot. president.[213]. [d] She also oversaw the establishment of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, which is the repository for official papers of the Kennedy Administration. [163] The wedding took place on Skorpios, Onassis's private Greek island in the Ionian Sea. [118][119] Johnson's biographer Robert Caro wrote that Johnson wanted Jacqueline Kennedy to be present at his swearing-in in order to demonstrate the legitimacy of his presidency to JFK loyalists and to the world at large. With her gracious personal style and her passion for history and the arts, she worked hard to be worthy of her new role. Today, you may be able to find older New Yorkers and New Englanders who speak with Kennedys soft, rolling intonation laced with the prim touches of finishing school. Alex Murdaugh sentenced to two life terms for murdering his wife and son. The linguists I spoke with explained that Jackie Kennedy's accent is at least partially typical of someone with her upbringing, in that it tracks with her early childhood in Southampton in the. [160] Jacqueline Kennedy rushed to Los Angeles to join his wife Ethel, her brother-in-law Ted, and the other Kennedy family members at his hospital bedside. [221] She even began wearing jeans in public. All the way to the hospital, Jackie O was bent over her bleeding husband, asking him, "Jack, Jack, can you hear me? [273] Of being contacted for the role, Downey reflected: "I thought I was a strange choice because I didn't think I looked anything like her and I was Irish. [41] On her first day at Vogue, the managing editor advised her to quit and go back to Washington. [281] It was Griffis's feature film debut. It's been just one week and already theyre treating him like some dusty old artifact, to be shelved away. Did you know she added two wiglets to complete her famous hairdo? [14] In addition to the random "man on the street" vignettes, she sometimes sought interviews with people of interest, such as six-year-old Tricia Nixon. [217] After noticing that her taste for Paris fashion was being criticized in the press, she wrote to the fashion editor Diana Vreeland to ask for suitable American designers, particularly those who could reproduce the Paris look. As of 2005, the person fluent in the most languages is John Henry Jorgansen, who at that time, was fluent in 18 languages, could speak conversationally in a further 10 and was also fluent in . John F. Kennedy", "JFK's body moved to permanent gravesite", "AD Classics: JFK Presidential Library / I.M. She Was Fluent in Four Languages Thanks to her education, Jackie Kennedy was fluent in English, Spanish, Italian and French. While we cant know for certain how Kennedy made her grammatical choices, Babcock stressed that her public interviews were probably rehearsed backward and forward, and that Kennedy, again like many politicians, was prepped on how to appear. Always", "Kennedy Tragedies Revisited in Weepy 'Women of Camelot', "Kennedy Women: Miniseries Views Tragedy-plagued Lives Of Camelot", "TELEVISION REVIEW; Back to the Kennedy Well, With a Focus on the Women", "Picks and Pans Review: Jackie, Ethel, Joan: Women of Camelot", "Review: 'Jackie, Ethel, Joan: Women of Camelot', "America's Prince: The John F. Kennedy Jr. Story (2003)", "TELEVISION REVIEW; The Son of a Famous Father, Best Known for His Name", "Before Natalie Portman, These Actresses Have Also Portrayed Jackie Kennedy", "Tripplehorn adds color to 'Grey Gardens', "TV review: Drew Barrymore in 'Grey Gardens', "Katie Holmes To Return As Jackie O In 'The Kennedys: After Camelot' Reelz Mini", "Camelot' Premiere: Katie Holmes, Matthew Perry on Playing Icons and the Family's Legacy", "TV review: About the Kennedys, like the Kennedys, but never fully 'The Kennedys', "The Kennedys retreads of old grounds in life and lore of JFK", "Katie Holmes compares her 'Jackie' to Natalie Portman's", "Katie Holmes Talks Reprising Jackie Kennedy Role After 'Jackie': There's Room for Both", "Matthew Perry on Ted Kennedy: "By far the most challenging role I've ever played", "Minka Kelly to play Jackie Kennedy in 'The Butler', "Minka Kelly: 'I'm Not Worthy' of Acting with Oprah", "Minka Kelly: It Was "Intimidating" Playing Jackie Kennedy in 'The Butler', "Who makes a better Jackie Kennedy: Ginnifer Goodwin or Katie Holmes? fact checked by Jamie Frater. Jackie's French Connection - JSTOR Daily Jackie was a polyglot, speaking also some German and Italianand speaking Spanish fluently. [216] Dubbed the "Jackie" look, these clothing items rapidly became fashion trends in the Western world. Paris Upon arrival, Jacqueline first polished her language skills at a six-week immersion course in Grenoble, before beginning her studies in Paris. Kennedy was the only first lady to win an Emmy. At just 3 years old, she was already exceptional. Not only did she speak Spanish and French, she was also proficient in Italian and Polish. 'Jack and Jackie, at least in the press, became one of the most written about romantic couples of the 1950s', said Kennedy friend, Chuck Spalding. [32], In the fall of 1947, Jacqueline Bouvier entered Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York, at that time a women's institution. [213] Since the late 2000s, Onassis's traditional persona has been invoked by commentators when referring to fashionable political spouses. [4] His proficiency in these languages is not known. [249], Jaclyn Smith portrays Jacqueline Kennedy in the 1981 television film Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, depicting her life until the end of the JFK presidency. The other particularly noticeable feature of Kennedys accent is a split short A system. Both Becker and Olivo-Shaw defined it as the short A vowel sound changing in words where youd think it would be similar. It has been speculated that she may have been suffering from undiagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder due to intrusive flashbacks. Oops. [3][4] At age 31, she was the third-youngest first lady of the United States when her husband was inaugurated. Babcock says that what stood out to her about Kennedy, in addition to the first ladys accent, was her grammatical formality. [39] Despite the initial worry that she might not have "political appeal", she proved popular among international dignitaries. Following her husband's election to the presidency in 1960, Kennedy was known for her highly publicized restoration of the White House and emphasis on arts and culture as well as for her style. She personally wrote to possible donors in order to track down these missing furnishings and other historical pieces of interest. temples of Abu Simbel that were in danger of being flooded by Egypt's Aswan Dam. [210] By moving back to New York City after Onassis's death, working as an editor for Viking Press and Doubleday, focusing on her children and grandchildren, and participating in charitable causes, she reversed her "reckless spendthrift" image. [117] She continued to wear the blood-stained pink suit as she boarded Air Force One and stood next to Johnson when he took the oath of office as president. Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis acquired a large collection of jewelry throughout her lifetime. English SpanishFrenchItalian Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis/Languages Where did Jackie O learn French? How many books did Amelia Earhart write? [107], On November 21, 1963, the First Lady and the President embarked on a political trip to Texas with several goals in mind; this was the first time that she had joined her husband on such a trip in the U.S.[109] After a breakfast on November 22, they took a very short flight on Air Force One from Fort Worth's Carswell Air Force Base to Dallas's Love Field, accompanied by Texas Governor John Connally and his wife Nellie. Barack Obamas speeches have been analyzed for their cadence, and linguists have examined President Donald Trumps speaking patterns at length. [89] She was dismayed to find that the mansion's rooms were furnished with undistinguished pieces that displayed little historical significance[89] and made it her first major project as first lady to restore its historical character. JFK Once Had Wife Jackie Admitted to Private Psychiatric Clinic - His As one of the most admired and adored people of the twentieth century, .css-1me6ynq{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#125C68;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#125C68;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1me6ynq:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:#595959;}Jackie Kennedy Onassis has continuously captured our hearts. [196], In December, Onassis developed new symptoms, including a stomach ache and swollen lymph nodes in her neck, and was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a blood cancer. [195], She continued to work at Doubleday, but by March the cancer had spread to her spinal cord and brain and to her liver by May and was deemed terminal. The recent release of Jacqueline Kennedy's tapes has generated much . French was a particular favorite and was emphasized in her childhood education. They met at a dinner party when he was a congressman, and married in 1953 and stayed together until his assassination in 1963. [293] Reviewers Anita Gates[294] and Terry Kelleher[295] believed Hennessy brought "elegance" to the role while Steve Oxman panned the performance: "Hennessy simply doesn't possess the right natural grace. [39] Her influential bouffant hairstyle, described as a "grown-up exaggeration of little girls' hair," was created by Mr. Kenneth, who worked for her from 1954 until 1986. Jacqueline Lee Kennedy Onassis (ne Bouvier / b u v i e /; July 28, 1929 - May 19, 1994) was an American socialite, writer, photographer, and book editor who served as the first lady of the United States from 1961 to 1963, as the wife of President John F. Kennedy.A popular first lady, she endeared the American public with her devotion to her family, dedication to the historic . by Steve Wynalda. [77] On one hand, she was admired for her personal style; she was frequently featured in women's magazines alongside film stars and named as one of the 12 best-dressed women in the world. They traveled together during the campaign as part of their efforts to reduce the physical separation that had characterized the first five years of their marriage. [344], Jodi Balfour portrays Jacqueline Kennedy in the 2017 eighth episode of the second season of Netflix's drama series, The Crown, titled "Dear Mrs. Kennedy", set during the June 1961 visit of the Kennedy couple to Buckingham Palace and the immediate reaction to the assassination of John F. In addition, Kennedy helped to stop the destruction of historic homes in Lafayette Square in Washington, D.C., because she felt these buildings were an important part of the nation's capital and played an essential role in its history. [247] In the 2014 Siena Research Institute survey, in the rankings of 20th and 21st century American first ladies in additional survey questions, Onassis was ranked 2nd-highest for management of family life, 4th-highest for advancement of women's issues, 3rd-greatest as a political asset, 4th-strongest public communicator, and 2nd-highest for creation of a lasting legacy. However, the reality behind their marriage was much different than expected. [201][202], She left an estate that its executors valued at $43.7 million. Few first ladies past and present have resonated with the American public across different backgrounds. [217], In her role as first lady, Kennedy preferred to wear clean-cut suits with a skirt hem down to middle of the knee, three-quarter sleeves on notch-collar jackets, sleeveless A-line dresses, above-the-elbow gloves, low-heel pumps, and pillbox hats. "[325] Tom Carson wrote that Goodwin's "trademark vulnerability humanizes Jackie considerably"[326] while Bruce Miller called her a miscast[327] and Robert Lloyd[328] and Brian Lowry[329] panned her performance. [171] She developed a close relationship with Ted, and from then on he was involved in her public appearances. [321] Kelly admitted to having difficulty with perfecting Kennedy's voice, going "to sleep listening to her", and having discomfort with the wool clothing associated with the role.[320]. [188][189] She ultimately obtained a restraining order against him, and the situation brought attention to the problem of paparazzi photography. . [218][219] Her tastes in eyewear were also influential, the most famous of which were the bespoke pairs designed for her by French designer, Franois Pinton. Another drama related to the meeting that is not referenced in "The Crown" involved the guest list. When Portman was asked how she learned Kennedys accent, the actress told the Los Angeles Times that she looked up every interview with Kennedy that she could find on YouTube and watched the first ladys 1962 White House Tour over and over. Jackie Kennedy's Childhood and Early Education President Kennedy initially had reservations, but he relented because he believed that it would be "good for her". Please consider making a one-time contribution to Vox today. [61] Additionally, Jacqueline Kennedy suffered a miscarriage in 1955 and in August 1956 gave birth to a stillborn daughter, Arabella. It's so important the setting in which the presidency is presented to the world, to foreign visitors. 113114; Leaming, pp. Kennedy, a Catholic, was known for wearing a mantilla at Mass and in the presence of the Pope;[225] she is widely considered[by whom?] [79] She was in Hyannis Port when she watched the September 26, 1960 debatewhich was the nation's first televised presidential debatebetween her husband and Republican candidate Richard Nixon, who was the incumbent vice president. Since 1982 Siena College Research Institute has periodically conducted surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to the president. [79], On November 8, 1960, John F. Kennedy narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Nixon in the U.S. presidential election. [313] When asked of the concurrent Jackie film, Holmes said, "I think its really exciting. Very artistically-oriented. [33] She had wanted to attend Sarah Lawrence College, closer to New York City, but her parents insisted that she choose the more isolated Vassar. Portman, a startling amalgam of cheekbones, sharp brows, and a thicket of root beer-colored hair, lets out a breathy, biting rebuke. What Jackie Kennedy Didn't Sayand Didn't Know Jackie tells some of the story. [191], In the early 1990s, Onassis supported Bill Clinton and contributed money to his presidential campaign. [73], On January 3, 1960, John F. Kennedy was a United States senator from Massachusetts when he announced his candidacy for the presidency and launched his campaign nationwide. She also traveled to many countries where her fluency in foreign languages and history made her very popular. [43] He recalled, "I remember her as this very attractive, cute-as-hell girl, and all the guys in the newsroom giving her a good look. After the 1960 election, she commissioned French-born American fashion designer and Kennedy family friend Oleg Cassini to create an original wardrobe for her appearances as First Lady. How many languages did Jackie Kennedy speak? Kennedy won a special Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Trustees Award for it at the Emmy Awards in 1962, which was accepted on her behalf by Lady Bird Johnson. [5] She died in 1994 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery alongside President Kennedy. POLL", "Ginnifer Goodwin channels Jackie Kennedy's intimate side", "The GQ Review: Killing Kennedys Is Way More Fun Than The Zillion Other JFK Biopics", "Review: 'Killing Kennedy' offers respectful but grating view of assassination", "Review: 'Killing Kennedy' is not the stuff of legend", "Kim Allen Cast as Jackie Kennedy in Rob Reiner's 'LBJ', "Natalie Portman to Star as Jacqueline Kennedy in New Drama (EXCLUSIVE)", "Natalie Portman's four steps some simple, some not to becoming Jackie Kennedy", "How Natalie Portman prepared for her Oscar-worthy performance as Jackie Kennedy", "Natalie Portman: bringing Jackie Onassis back to life", "Jackie Is Brutally Intimate and Admirably Brittle", "Jackie review Natalie Portman intelligent and poised as JFK's widow", "Natalie Portman on her Oscar nomination for Jackie role", "Nicole Kidman, Mel Gibson win AACTA international awards ahead of Golden Globes", "Austin Film Critics Association (AFCA) Nominations: The Handmaiden Lands Top Mentions, Trevante Rhodes Double Nominated", "The 2016 Chicago Film Critics Association Award Nominees", "20th Annual Online Film Critics Society Awards Nominations", "The Queen and Jackie Kennedy's Blood-covered Dress: Did Elizabeth Really Meet Jacqueline Onassis? By Rodolfo Vieira. In 1951, the 22-year-old submitted an essay to a Vogue writing contest, where the winner would earn a junior editor position for six months in New York and six months in Paris. The president of Pakistan, Ayub Khan, had given her a horse named Sardar as a gift. Jackie Kennedy's strange, elegant accent, explained by linguists - Vox She later hired her childhood friend Nancy Tuckerman to be her social secretary at the White House. [52][53], Bouvier and Kennedy married on September 12, 1953, at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island, in a mass celebrated by Boston's Archbishop Richard Cushing. Her tongue is in the back of her mouth when the word back.. Chez Ninon, a New York fashion salon, actually created a line-for-line reproduction of Chanel's design so Jackiecould skirt around the ban on wearing foreign designers a habit that she had been publicly criticized for in the past. [14][24] They separated in 1936 and divorced four years later, with the press publishing intimate details of the split. [283], Sally Taylor-Isherwood, Emily VanCamp, and Joanne Whalley portray Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis in the 2000 television miniseries Jackie Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, covering chronologically her entire life. [267], Blair Brown portrays Jacqueline Kennedy in the 1983 miniseries Kennedy, set during the Kennedy presidency. I want to get out of this country". [246] In the 2003 survey, Onassis made the top-five in half of the categories, being ranked 1st-highest in background, 5th-highest in intelligence, 4th-highest in courage, 4th-highest in value to the country, and 1st-highest in public image. [22] Her mother attributed this behavior to her finishing her assignments ahead of classmates and then acting out in boredom. The trip was widely disapproved of within the Kennedy administration, by much of the general public, and in Congress. When she became first lady in 1961, she worked to restore the White House to its original elegance and to protect its holdings. No, Jacqueline Kennedy is not single. It was a day . Here, she appeals to Latino voters with an ad entirely in Spanish.. [49] Kennedy was busy running for the U.S. Senate seat in Massachusetts; the relationship grew more serious and he proposed to her after the November election. What was the personality of Jackie Kennedy like? - Quora The singer told NBC News in a candid interview this week that Onassis brought up sensitive topics involving both of her late husbands, President Kennedy and shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis,. [195][197] The following night at 10:15p.m., she died in her sleep in her Manhattan apartment at age 64, with her children by her side. She was awarded the Fine Arts Federation medal for her devotion to the cause of historic preservation in New York City. On January 14, 1964, Kennedy made a televised appearance from the office of the Attorney General, thanking the public for the "hundreds of thousands of messages" she had received since the assassination, and said she had been sustained by America's affection for her late husband. Her notable historic preservation efforts also include her influence in the campaign to save Olana, the home of Frederic Edwin Church in upstate New York. [245] In the 2014 survey, Onassis and her first husband were also ranked the 6th-highest out of 39 first couples in terms of being a "power couple". [19] French was particularly emphasized in her upbringing. She also founded the White House Historical Association, the Committee for the Preservation of the White House, the position of a permanent Curator of the White House, the White House Endowment Trust, and the White House Acquisition Trust. Answer (1 of 5): She seems like an ISTP. Being of Israeli-American heritage, she's had exposure to multiple languages and cultures from a very early age, and grew fluent in Hebrew and English as a result. Ginnifer Goodwin portrays her in the 2013 television film Killing Kennedy. "[314] Holmes also stated both should be watched due to covering different periods of Jackie's life. [47][48], Jacqueline Bouvier and U.S. Representative John F. Kennedy belonged to the same social circle and were formally introduced by a mutual friend, journalist Charles L. Bartlett, at a dinner party in May 1952. He had found out on his visit to the White House that he and the First Lady had a common interest in horses. Will you support Voxs explanatory journalism? [2] The following year, she met then-Congressman John Kennedy at a dinner party in Washington. So some people might have none of the features of New York City English, but then they might have a split short A system, which is actually pretty common, Olivo-Shaw said. Fact check: Melania Trump did not remove cherry trees, historic roses How Jackie Kennedy Influenced History - Insider Email. Kennedy.[345]. Not only did she speak Spanish and French, she was also proficient in Italian and Polish. 1. [89][90] One of her unrealized goals was to found a Department of the Arts, but she did contribute to the establishment of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities, established during Johnson's tenure. Olivo-Shaw explained that there are other features heard on Long Island and in New York City like the cawffee vowel, and the e vowel. The linguists I spoke with explained that Jackie Kennedys accent is at least partially typical of someone with her upbringing, in that it tracks with her early childhood in Southampton in the 1930s but was clearly influenced by going to school in Manhattan and spending a lot of time there growing up. We have such a great civilization. Kennedy family secrets - IrishCentral.com According to Becker, aspirated Ts link Kennedys accent more to her affluent background than to a specific place. What Jackie Kennedy Didn't Sayand Didn't Know
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how many languages did jackie kennedy speak