By the time they are aged 10 or 11, more than a quarter are obese,. The federation's 2023 atlas also predicted that childhood obesity levels could more than double over the next 12 years to around 208 million boys and 175 million girls. The survey comprised a validated food frequency questionnaire alongside lifestyle and sociodemographic questions. 3, 4 Preventing overweight in children is expected to be a promising approach to reducing obesity and Alcohol intake (energy-adjusted) was negatively correlated with scores on the snacking pattern (r=0.317; P<0.01). These patterns explained approximately one fifth of the variance in food intake. Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach. Friendship quality, body dissatisfaction, dieting & disordered eating in adolescent girls. 2022. 2014;39:50813. Adele, Ed Sheeran 'too . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y. Dietary patterns in UK adolescents obtained from a dual-source FFQ and their associations with socio-economic position, nutrient intake and modes of eating. Diao, Xingling We have shown that both the snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns were least nutrient-dense. Eat Weight Disord9:163-169. A 2017 Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior report found that during four years of college, the percentage of students overweight or obese rose from 23% to 41% a 78% increase. Gendered food preferences were also evident, especially in relation to meat consumption. This clustering of behaviours is important, since the negative health outcomes associated with multiple lifestyle risk factors are greater than the sum of individual health risk behaviours [27]. 2005;93:92331 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16022763. Health promoting behaviours and lifestyle characteristics of students at seven universities in the UK. Google Scholar. Northstone K, Smith AD, Cribb VL, Emmett PM. This study has been conducted with University students in Turkey. . This includes 44.3% of students studying for their first undergraduate degree. Childhood obesity affects an estimated 50 million girls and 74 million boys worldwide. It is possible that as students mature they become increasingly aware of the impact of dietary choices on health and well-being, and health thus becomes an increasingly important determinant of food choice. This study was conducted as part of EFSs PhD project. Partial correlation coefficients were also calculated, which adjusted for energy intake. This was demonstrated by a study of 34,000 students from 2011 to 2018. . Public Health Nutr. What is overweight and obesity? University of Sheffield ethical approval covered the research at Kings College London and Southampton. The authors also thank the collaboration of the participants and of the students pursuing bachelors and masters degree who collaborated by performing their internships in the context of this project and contributed to the data curation. [cited 2018 Aug 29]. This research aimed to characterise dietary patterns of university students in the UK and their sociodemographic and lifestyle antecedents. The FFQ was piloted among 40 students at the University of Sheffield. 1, 2 Overweight children are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults, compared with their normal-weight peers. Although a recent British student study observed no gender differences between eating patterns [4], this study lacked detailed dietary assessment. The remaining students were from the Universities of Southampton (n=79; 5.5%) and St Andrews, Scotland (n=54; 3.7%). This study also revealed that older students favoured more healthful dietary patterns and there was evidence of a positive linear relationship between age and scores on the health-conscious pattern. 368-369) based on the BMI. The following socio-demographic information was collected: age; gender; degree programme and year of study; full/part-time study; nature of term-time residence; ethnicity; religion; socioeconomic status (SES); maternal education; and university attended. 2000;24:162835. Child obesity is linked to increased risk of developing diabetes in adulthood, both autoimmune forms of diabetes and different forms of type 2 diabetes, a new study published in Diabetologia reports. 4 Overweight and obesity have been proven to . University students represent a substantial proportion (50%) of the UK young adult population [1] and an individuals university career may be influential in the establishment of long-term eating patterns and thus chronic disease risk. However, some students consumed poor diets, incurred greater food costs and practised unfavourable lifestyle behaviours, which may have long-term health effects. Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-elderly study (European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition). Adult obesity rates are highest in the United States, Mexico, New Zealand, and Hungry and lowest in Japan and Korea (OECD, 2017). The snacking pattern was strongly positively correlated with energy-adjusted non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) (r=0.524; P<0.01). and Nagatomo, Izumi and ALSO READ: Yikes! Despite this, there is limited progress in addressing the problem of obesity among college students. No association, however, was identified between cooking ability and scores on the less healthful dietary patterns (snacking; convenience, red meat & alcohol). Genes also may contribute to a person's susceptibility to weight gain. Neither the UPV/EHU nor the Basque Government played a role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. To avoid this, the majority of assessments were conducted over 2 d to ensure adequate concentration while answering the questions and to promote the participation. Results from Years 14 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008/20092011/12); 2014. p. 5560. An online, cross-sectional survey was undertaken with a convenience sample of 1448 university students from five UK universities (Kings College London, Universities of St Andrews, Southampton and Sheffield, and Ulster University). Contradictory results were obtained in women for the two diet quality indices estimated, this result could be related to discrepancies in constructs and scoring criteria of diet quality indices used. study advertisement on student volunteers webpage). In 2019-20, 10% of children were obese at the start of primary . The first component explained 8.4% variance; the three remaining components explained 5.7%, 4.2% and 3.4% of the variance in food intake respectively. Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko This approach also allows greater insight into the different patterns of food consumption that naturally occur within a population and facilitates identification of sub-groups who may be most in need of health promotion efforts. Ethical approval was obtained from each participating university. Central London location. Associate Professor in Nutrition at Kingston University . This association has not been documented among a university student population, but corroborates associations found in several adult studies [31, 32]. View all Google Scholar citations Less healthful dietary patterns were positively associated with lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. A second GLM was then fitted, which included significant demographic variables and variables from Group 2. Eating behaviour traits and physical activity as predictors of weight gain during the first year of university. Delhi High Court Orders Centre To Pay Rs 50,000 'Costs' to Delhi University Student for . UK) is too high (NHS Choices 2014). 2013;17:147685. Therefore, we sought to determine the relationship between increasing weight status and fitness within a sample of children and adolescents from New York City public schools. Just over one-third of students were studying a health-related degree. One important aspect relates to diet and there is emerging evidence that university students may consume poor quality diets, with potential implications for body weight and long-term health. Dietary preferences also varied between participating universities. 2010;64:97886. Furthermore students following this pattern were also more likely to smoke, have frequent consumption of take-aways and pre-prepared foods and engage in lower levels of physical activity. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. It combines a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of their. either in the overweight or obese category. In contrast, other student-specific research has failed to detect an association between eating habits and age (or year of study), although most of these studies have not collected detailed dietary data [2, 4, 10, 26]. Download: PPT PowerPoint slide PNG larger image TIFF original image Table 1. This work was supported by grants from the UPV/EHU (EHU12/24), the Vice Rector for Innovation, Social Outreach and Cultural Activities of the UPV/EHU, funding by the contract-programme formalised with the Basque Government (code of the Campus Bizia Lab project: 17ARRO, 18ARRO and 19ARRO), the Vice Rector for Students and Employability of the UPV/EHU and Basque Government (2016); and a pre-doctoral scholarship from the Basque Language Vice-chancellor of the UPV/EHU. We would also like to acknowledge Anthony Johns from Tinuviel Software for his assistance in setting up the online survey. Larson NI, Perry CL, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Food preparation by young adults is associated with better diet quality. Longitudinal research is now needed to investigate this possibility. Results from Years 14 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008/20092011/12). Several studies suggest that prevention of obesity in the young population is crucial. ESG & Sustainability professional, IFRS/SASB FSA credential holder, and graduate student at Columbia University's Climate School with 5+ years of professional experience in advisory/consulting . Language Schools; Listservs; MCLLC Newsletters; P-12 Collaboration; MCLub. The first dietary component had high positive factor loadings ( 0.32) for pulses, beans and lentils, tofu, meat alternatives, hummus, nuts, and other green vegetables and salad items. Bachelor's degree students recorded higher BMI than those at associate level. Google Scholar. The largest effects (magnitudes of ORs) were found for the variables breakfast skipping and PA level in men, and for adherence to the Mediterranean diet in women. An independent inverse association between living alone in private accommodation and score on this pattern approached significance (p=0.053). For supplementary material referred to in this article, please visit https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521001483, Table 2. Northstone K, Emmett PM. I am the Professor of Cultural Studies at Flinders University (Australia), Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce (RSA) and Director of the Popular Culture Collective. Second, self-reports of the behaviours may be subject to social desirability bias; thus, the findings may be under or overestimated. Although a vegetarian pattern has been described in the wider UK diet pattern literature [21,22,23], it was a minor component, in keeping with the low prevalence of vegetarianism among British adults nationally (3%) [25]. Nikolaou CK, Hankey CR, Lean MEJ. Globally, obesity is affecting an increasing proportion of children. Although there is some evidence that dietary behaviours track from adolescence to adulthood [5, 6], the transition from home to university life has been associated with unfavourable changes to food intake: increases in alcohol and sugar intake, and decreases in fruit and vegetable consumption have been reported [7]. The sociodemographic characteristics of the sample are shown in Table1. Dr Andrew Kane, lead author says: "The fact that the population requiring surgery with anaesthesia is 2.3 years older than nine years ago has important implications. Indeed, the BMI distributions were also biased towards healthy, in keeping with other student surveys [4, 26]. Lennox A, Prynne C, Swan G, Roberts C, Steer T, Pell D, et al. This dietary pattern was labelled health-conscious, because it was characterised by foods typically associated with improved health, and was congruent with dietary components labelled health-conscious or prudent in other dietary pattern studies [21]. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries Authors Karl Peltzer 1 , Supa Pengpid 2 , T Alafia Samuels 3 , Neslihan Keser zcan 4 , Carolina Mantilla 5 , Onja H Rahamefy 6 , Mee Lian Wong 7 , Alexander Gasparishvili 8 Affiliations 2014;112:168598. The possibility of selection bias should be considered. Owing to these significant associations, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes were used to explore relationships with dietary patterns scores. In general, these sex differences observed here could be due to the fact that women are more likely to find healthy eating more important(Reference Holmbck, Ericson and Gullberg85), and therefore, they followed more adequate dietary habits than men, eating a greater number of EO daily, skipping fewer breakfasts, taking more time on those meals, and they had a better diet quality, as other authors have highlighted(Reference Maskarinec, Namatame and Kang22). Brunner TA, van der Horst K, Siegrist M. Convenience food products. The sex-specific differences in risk factors of excess adiposity have important implications for interventions for primary prevention of obesity within this environment. It should also be noted that all dietary studies suffer from selection bias, in which more health- or diet-aware individuals choose to participate. Dietary analyses revealed four major dietary patterns: vegetarian; snacking; health-conscious; and convenience, red meat & alcohol. The majority of students were White British (n=911; 62.9%) and registered for full-time study (n=1394; 96.3%). Although obese university students in this study perceived the barriers to healthy eating as very important or somewhat important more than non-obese students, the differences between the two groups were not significant, except for two barriers among women. Appetite. Schutz HK, Paxton SJ. Lower scores were independently associated with living alone (p=0.026) and spending less money on food (p<0.001). - UK-domiciled students by age These conditions include: metabolic syndrome type 2 diabetes high. Guo SS, Huang C, Maynard LM, Demerath E, Towne B, Chumlea WC, et al. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) between 2009 and 2010 more than 35 percent of adults across the U.S. and Canada were considered obese, (McGuire, 2011, pp. Kenyon PM, Barker ME. 1999. Students in Northern Ireland appeared to favour less healthful dietary patterns than those in Great Britain. In Model 1, male gender (p<0.001), lowest leisure-time physical activity levels (p=0.032), and regular/social smoking status (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher scores on the convenience, red meat & alcohol diet pattern. Obes Facts. Grech, Amanda Previously, I held the academic positions of Dean, Head of School, Head of Department and Institutional Head of the REF, to name a (very) few roles. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics, Alcohol consumption among university students in Ireland and the United Kingdom from 2002 to 2014: a systematic review, Systematic estimation of BMI. Kudo, Takashi Buck D, Frosini F. Clustering of unhealthy behaviours over time - Implications for policy and practice. It's given me a unique perspective and deeper understanding of the complex wider social and economic determinants of health. Just less than one quarter of students spent less than 20 on food each week; a weekly food budget of 2029 was most common. 2022. Appetite. Infrequent consumption of meals prepared from raw ingredients (p<0.001), and frequent consumption of pre-prepared foods (p<0.001) and ready meals/take-aways (p<0.001) were also independently associated with high snacking pattern scores. Generally, students at Ulster University favoured less healthful patterns, whilst those at the Universities of Southampton, St Andrews and KCL tended towards more healthful diets. Pigott S, Bates B, Nass L. Socio-demographic characteristics of the NDNS RP sample - National Diet and Nutrition Survey. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. 2022. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns that exist within a UK university student population, to assess the nutritional profile of these patterns, and to examine socio-demographic and lifestyle variables underpinning these patterns. Fayet F, Petocz P, Samman S. Prevalence and correlates of dieting in college women: a cross sectional study. International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years, Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods, Techniques for Measuring Body Composition, Definitions and proposed current classifications of obesity, Estilos de vida y salud en estudiantes universitarios: La Universidad como entorno promotor de la salud (Lifestyles and health in university students: the university as a promoter of health), Obesity assessment: tools, methods, interpretations (a reference case: the Reno Diet-Heart Study), Chapman & Hall series in Clinical Nutrition, Adaptation, validation and reproducibility of a short food frequency questionnaire to assess food group intake in the population resident in the Basque Country (Spain), Understanding meal patterns: definitions, methodology and impact on nutrient intake and diet quality, Adherence to nutrition-based cancer prevention guidelines and breast, prostate and colorectal cancer risk in the MCC-Spain Case-Control Study, A healthy lifestyle score is associated with cardiometabolic and neuroendocrine risk factors among Puerto Rican adults, Skipping breakfast is associated with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Breakfast consumption in French children, adolescents and adults: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey examined in the context of the International Breakfast Research Initiative, Eating alone is differentially associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean men and women, Effect of a high-fat Mediterranean diet on bodyweight and waist circumference: a prespecified secondary outcome analysis of the PREDIMED randomised controlled trial, Collaborative Group of the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC), Dietary guidelines for the Spanish population (SENC, December of 2016); the new graphic icon of health nutrition, Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2010, Dietary patterns: a Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and biological markers of cardiovascular disease risk, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Time trends between 2002 and 2017 in correlates of self- reported sitting time in European adults, Sedentary behaviors increase risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in men, Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC), Spanish Society of Family and Community (semFYC), Consejos para una Alimentacin Saludable (Tips for Healthy Eating), National Sleep Foundations sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary, Nutricin y Diettica (Nutrition and Dietetics), Secretariado de Publicaciones y Medios Audiovisuales, Universidad de Len, Estudio cuantitativo del consumo de alimentos en la CAPV. Food intake varied amongst university students. The Obesity Profile (previously named NCMP and Child Obesity Profile) displays data from the National Child Measurement Programme ( NCMP) showing the prevalence of obesity, severe obesity,. Papadaki A, Hondros G, Scott J, Kapsokefalou M. Eating habits of university students living at, or away from home in Greece. This component was labelled snacking, because it was mainly characterised by snack-type foods that generally did not represent components of main meals, require no preparation and offered many options for mobile consumption. Male students tended towards a diet founded on convenience food, red meat and alcohol; this pattern was germane to all participating universities. This cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of five regionally and socio-economically diverse universities throughout the UK (Universities of: Sheffield, Ulster, Kings College London (KCL), Southampton and St Andrews). British Government. Uni-versity students. This data is gathered as part of the National Child Measurement Programme and published by NHS Digital. 2 These children are at greater risk of developing related functional, metabolic, and psychological conditions; experiencing pervasive weight bias and stigma; and having greater healthcare costs. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The provision of consent enabled access to the full survey. Genes can directly cause obesity in such disorders as Prader-Willi syndrome. Hung has authored more than 15+ scientific publications and served in numerous advisory roles.<br><br> Founder of Drug & Diet . Attendance at Ulster University (p<0.001) was independently associated with lower scores. "useRatesEcommerce": false Dietary patterns analysis unveiled heterogeneity in food choice with students following four major dietary patterns: vegetarian, snacking, health-conscious and convenience, red meat & alcohol. Correlation coefficients 0.5 and0.5 were considered strong. The authors gratefully acknowledge Professor Peter Emery at Kings College London and Dr. Penelope Nestel at The University of Southampton for their assistance in administration of the survey. Multi-comparison post-hoc tests with Sidak correction were carried out to aid interpretation of significant factors in the GLM. 1998;30:18598 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9573452. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. By using this website, you agree to our Attitudes towards meat-eating in vegetarian and non-vegetarian teenage girls in England--an ethnographic approach. Many studies paid attention to the worldwide decline in physical activity (PA) and increase the sedentary and obesity. With respect to other lifestyles such as PA, probably cultural practices and childhood habits can be associated with a higher PA level in men than women(Reference Trost, Pate and Sallis86). Only health sciences students were recruited at the University of Southampton, because of logistical issues in distribution of the survey. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns within a UK university student population and to delineate the socio-demographic, lifestyle and other behavioural characteristics of students favouring these patterns. It causes symptoms including shortness of breath, fatigue, and joint pain, among others. Nishida, Makoto Moriyama, Toshiki Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M. Weight control behaviors and dietary intake among adolescents and young adults: longitudinal findings from project EAT. The aim of the study is to investigate the level of physical activity of university students. Nutr Rev. Lack of sleep -another hallmark of the Western lifestyle-is also emerging as a risk factor for . Tanton J, Dodd LJ, Woodfield L, Mabhala M. Eating Behaviours of British University Students: A Cluster Analysis on a Neglected Issue. Dietary studies of British university students are constrained by crude dietary assessment, small sample size and generally focus on a single university [3, 4]. Importantly, policy makers must recognise not all students consume poor diets at university: a large group of students consumed nutritionally favourable and health-promoting diets and do not appear in need of dietary intervention. Data collection was preceded by a pilot study, which was used to refine the web-survey. There were strong positive correlations (0.5r<0.6; p<0.01) between the vegetarian pattern and energy-adjusted intakes of fibre, copper and thiamin. Participants were required to recall their habitual diet over the most recent university semester (three months). Detopoulou, Paraskevi hasContentIssue true, This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (, The Author(s), 2021. Br J Nutr. Frequencies of consumption in the questionnaire were expressed as follows: every day=7/week, through to once per week=1/week; once every 23weeks (F)=0.5/week; rarely/never (R)=0. There are also indications of high intakes of confectionery and fast foods, and low consumption of fruit and vegetables [3, 4]. In Model 1, very active physical activity levels (p<0.001), White Other ethnicity (p=0.004) and third year of undergraduate study (p=0.041) were independently associated with higher scores on the health-conscious pattern. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK, Corporate Information & Computing Service, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2GU, UK, Medical & Biological Sciences Building, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF, UK, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK, Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK, Food & Nutrition Group, Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK, You can also search for this author in 2016;61:918 Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.006. University of Glasgow researchers looked at health surveys of nearly 200,000 adults. University represents a key transition into adulthood for many adolescents but there are associated concerns about health and behaviours. The Body Mass Index or BMI is a scale that assigns a number value that is . Correspondence to Obesity rates among children and adolescents worldwide shifted from less than 1% in 1975 to nearly 6% among girls and 8% . Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. International Research Opportunities Programme. Maternal obesity during pregnancy can turn to be fatal for both the mother as well as the baby, according to a new study. This scholarship at Bayes is being offered in recognition and honour of Iain Allan, now an independent consultant and an actuary who . One in four students reported that they consumed meals cooked from pre-prepared foods, which could be assumed to represent convenience foods, most days or everyday. The . Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Examination of scatter plots revealed no evidence of non-linear relationships between component scores and nutrient intakes. For example, it is recognised that adoption of a vegetarian diet is related to concern about the environment and animal welfare, as well as for health reasons and weight management [35, 36]. A blossoming field of study. Student Organizations; MCLub Calendar; A&S; Give to MCLLC. A University of Gothenburg study found that being overweight in childhood and early adulthood are distinct risk factors for blood clots later in life. Students with poor cooking ability were less likely to adopt healthier (vegetarian; health-conscious) diets than their more skilled counterparts. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Dietary gradients were also evident in relation to geography in a comparative study of university students from seven universities across the UK, although absence of information on specific university location limits comparison [2]. contributed to the conception and design of the research, acquired and analysed the data, interpreted the results and finally drafted the manuscript. University of Glasgow researchers looked at health surveys of nearly 200,000 adults. Sakaguchi, Yusuke Religion was also not included due to confounding with ethnic background. and Ishibashi, Chisaki It had high negative factor loadings for poultry, processed meat, and red meat and offal. Google Scholar. Shale: UK Undergraduate Literary and Art Magazine; BASS; Outreach. Feature Flags: { Objectives This scoping review identifies factors associated with obesity traits including body mass index, weight, and body fat percentage in undergraduate students. Almost 1 in 3 college American students have obesity presently (1). (Do the Spanish University students follow Mediterranean dietary patterns? Hostname: page-component-7fc98996b9-jxww4 Full details are provided in tabular form in Additional file1: Table S2). Students reporting greater cooking ability tended towards the vegetarian and health-conscious patterns. The majority of respondents were from the University of Sheffield (n=567; 39.2%), Ulster University in Northern Ireland (n=443; 30.6%) and KCL (n=305; 21.1%). Moreover, well documented studies have identiied the need to . All British and European Union students less than 30years of age at the five participating universities represented eligible participants. It should be noted that we used previously well-proven or validated questionnaires. Information on dieting/weight loss behaviour, supplement use, cooking ability (four response options from able to cook wide range of meals from raw ingredients through to unable to cook at all), smoking status (students were asked to self-identify as a never smoker, ex-smoker, social smoker or regular smoker), self-reported physical activity levels (students were required to self-identify as not very active, moderately active or very active), body weight (kg) and height (m) (for calculation of body mass index (BMI), kg/m2), cooking behaviours (consumption of: meals made from raw ingredients; pre-prepared foods; ready meals and take-aways; and meals from university cafeteria) and weekly food expenditure () was also collected.

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